{"id":11926,"date":"2025-06-17T02:31:06","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T00:31:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/?p=11926"},"modified":"2025-06-17T02:31:06","modified_gmt":"2025-06-17T00:31:06","slug":"sindrom-luhana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00edndrome de Luj\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fpm_start\"><\/div>\n<p>El s\u00edndrome de Luj\u00e1n es un trastorno hereditario poco com\u00fan que se caracteriza por m\u00faltiples malformaciones, incluyendo anomal\u00edas cardiovasculares, defectos \u00f3seos y rasgos faciales espec\u00edficos. Las caracter\u00edsticas principales del s\u00edndrome son una combinaci\u00f3n de defectos card\u00edacos conotruncales, hipoplasia ungueal y de las falanges distales de los dedos, y un fenotipo facial caracter\u00edstico con oblicuidad ocular antimongoloide, hipertelorismo y mand\u00edbula inferior peque\u00f1a. Esta patolog\u00eda pertenece al grupo de infecciones por TORCH, pero tiene un origen exclusivamente gen\u00e9tico.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-flat ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contenido<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Pesta\u00f1a de contenido alternativo\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Palanca<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\" >Historia de la enfermedad y hechos hist\u00f3ricos interesantes.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%AD%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Epidemiolog\u00eda (estad\u00edsticas de aparici\u00f3n de enfermedades)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8E_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8\" >Predisposici\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica a la enfermedad (genes y mutaciones implicadas)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Factores de riesgo de esta enfermedad.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Diagn\u00f3stico de esta enfermedad.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5\" >Tratamiento<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Lista de medicamentos utilizados para tratar esta enfermedad.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Monitoreo de enfermedades<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Caracter\u00edsticas de la enfermedad relacionadas con la edad.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B\" >Preguntas y respuestas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/medlibrary\/sindrome-de-luhana\/#%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0\" >Consejos del Dr. Oleg Korzhikov<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\"><\/span>Historia de la enfermedad y hechos hist\u00f3ricos interesantes.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La enfermedad fue descrita por primera vez en 1966 por los m\u00e9dicos estadounidenses John Luhan y Michael Barrett. Cabe destacar que, inicialmente, el s\u00edndrome se clasific\u00f3 err\u00f3neamente como una variante del s\u00edndrome de DiGeorge debido a la similitud de sus manifestaciones cl\u00ednicas. \u00abSolo dos d\u00e9cadas despu\u00e9s del descubrimiento se identificaron los mecanismos gen\u00e9ticos exactos del desarrollo de la patolog\u00eda\u00bb, se\u00f1ala un estudio publicado en el Journal of Medical Genetics (1988). Un hecho hist\u00f3rico importante es que el estudio del s\u00edndrome de Luhan condujo a una comprensi\u00f3n m\u00e1s profunda del papel del cromosoma 22q11.2 en la embriog\u00e9nesis.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%AD%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Epidemiolog\u00eda (estad\u00edsticas de aparici\u00f3n de enfermedades)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La incidencia del s\u00edndrome de Luj\u00e1n es de aproximadamente 1 por cada 75.000 nacidos vivos. Seg\u00fan las estad\u00edsticas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La incidencia en la poblaci\u00f3n es de aproximadamente 0,0013%.<\/li>\n<li>Los hombres y las mujeres se ven afectados con la misma frecuencia.<\/li>\n<li>La supervivencia de los pacientes ha aumentado significativamente en los \u00faltimos 30 a\u00f1os debido al diagn\u00f3stico temprano.<\/li>\n<li>La mortalidad en los primeros 5 a\u00f1os de vida es de 15-20% casos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8E_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8\"><\/span>Predisposici\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica a la enfermedad (genes y mutaciones implicadas)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La principal causa del s\u00edndrome de Luj\u00e1n son las microdeleciones en la regi\u00f3n cromos\u00f3mica 22q11.2. Caracter\u00edsticas clave del componente gen\u00e9tico:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La mutaci\u00f3n afecta a m\u00e1s de 40 genes en esta regi\u00f3n cromos\u00f3mica.<\/li>\n<li>TBX1 se considera el gen principal responsable del desarrollo de los rasgos caracter\u00edsticos del s\u00edndrome.<\/li>\n<li>La herencia se produce de forma autos\u00f3mica dominante.<\/li>\n<li>En los pacientes 90%, la mutaci\u00f3n ocurre de novo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201cLa deleci\u00f3n se puede detectar mediante FISH o MLPA en todos los pacientes con un cuadro cl\u00ednico cl\u00e1sico\u201d, enfatizan los estudios gen\u00e9ticos modernos.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Factores de riesgo de esta enfermedad.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s de la predisposici\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica, se identifican los siguientes factores de riesgo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Edad de los padres mayor de 35 a\u00f1os<\/li>\n<li>Exposici\u00f3n a sustancias teratog\u00e9nicas durante el embarazo<\/li>\n<li>Exposici\u00f3n a la radiaci\u00f3n ionizante<\/li>\n<li>Tomar ciertos medicamentos durante el primer trimestre<\/li>\n<li>Estr\u00e9s severo en la madre durante el embarazo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Diagn\u00f3stico de esta enfermedad.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>El proceso diagn\u00f3stico incluye un enfoque integral:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Examen cl\u00ednico con identificaci\u00f3n de rasgos fenot\u00edpicos caracter\u00edsticos<\/li>\n<li>An\u00e1lisis citogen\u00e9tico mediante el m\u00e9todo FISH<\/li>\n<li>Ecocardiograf\u00eda para la detecci\u00f3n de defectos card\u00edacos cong\u00e9nitos<\/li>\n<li>Examen radiogr\u00e1fico del esqueleto<\/li>\n<li>Diagn\u00f3stico diferencial con los s\u00edndromes de DiGeorge y Williams<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5\"><\/span>Tratamiento<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La estrategia terap\u00e9utica incluye varias direcciones:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Correcci\u00f3n quir\u00fargica de defectos card\u00edacos cong\u00e9nitos<\/li>\n<li>Correcci\u00f3n de trastornos ortop\u00e9dicos<\/li>\n<li>Asistencia de terapia del habla para retrasos en el desarrollo del habla<\/li>\n<li>Terapia hormonal para el hipoparatiroidismo<\/li>\n<li>Apoyo psicol\u00f3gico y adaptaci\u00f3n social<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Lista de medicamentos utilizados para tratar esta enfermedad.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tr>\n<th>Preparaci\u00f3n<\/th>\n<th>Indicaciones<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>calcitriol<\/td>\n<td>Hipoparatiroidismo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Carbonato de calcio<\/td>\n<td>Hipocalcemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>antibi\u00f3ticos<\/td>\n<td>Prevenci\u00f3n de infecciones<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Broncodilatadores<\/td>\n<td>Trastornos respiratorios<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Monitoreo de enfermedades<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>El seguimiento del estado de los pacientes incluye ex\u00e1menes regulares:<\/p><script data-noptimize=\"\" data-wpfc-render=\"false\">\nfpm_start( \"true\" );\n<\/script>\n\n<ul>\n<li>Examen cardiol\u00f3gico anual<\/li>\n<li>Controle sus niveles de calcio en sangre cada 6 meses<\/li>\n<li>Evaluaci\u00f3n del desarrollo psicomotor<\/li>\n<li>Revisi\u00f3n dental cada 3 meses<\/li>\n<li>Monitoreo del crecimiento y el peso<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Caracter\u00edsticas de la enfermedad relacionadas con la edad.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Las manifestaciones cl\u00ednicas var\u00edan seg\u00fan la edad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Periodo neonatal: predominan los s\u00edntomas card\u00edacos<\/li>\n<li>Infancia: cambios \u00f3seos pronunciados<\/li>\n<li>Adolescencia: Atenci\u00f3n centrada en los trastornos endocrinos<\/li>\n<li>La adultez: problemas psicol\u00f3gicos y socializaci\u00f3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B\"><\/span>Preguntas y respuestas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00bfCu\u00e1l es el pron\u00f3stico del s\u00edndrome de Luj\u00e1n?<\/strong> Con un diagn\u00f3stico y tratamiento oportunos, la mayor\u00eda de los pacientes pueden lograr una expectativa de vida normal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00bfEs posible prevenir el desarrollo del s\u00edndrome?<\/strong> No, porque es una enfermedad gen\u00e9tica, pero se puede minimizar la influencia de factores de riesgo externos.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00bfCon qu\u00e9 frecuencia debes realizarte ex\u00e1menes?<\/strong> Se recomienda un examen completo anual, con visitas adicionales si aparecen nuevos s\u00edntomas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0\"><\/span>Consejos del Dr. Oleg Korzhikov<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Los padres a menudo preguntan cu\u00e1l es la mejor manera de ayudar a un ni\u00f1o con s\u00edndrome de Luj\u00e1n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00bfC\u00f3mo garantizar un desarrollo adecuado?<\/strong> Es importante crear un entorno de apoyo con sesiones regulares con un logopeda y un psic\u00f3logo.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00bfCon qu\u00e9 frecuencia debes revisar tu coraz\u00f3n?<\/strong> El seguimiento cardiol\u00f3gico es necesario al menos una vez al a\u00f1o, incluso en ausencia de molestias.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00bfC\u00f3mo comer bien?<\/strong> Se recomienda una dieta con mayor contenido de calcio y vitamina D bajo supervisi\u00f3n de un m\u00e9dico.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"fpm_end\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El s\u00edndrome de Luj\u00e1n es un trastorno hereditario poco com\u00fan que se caracteriza por m\u00faltiples malformaciones, incluidas anomal\u00edas cardiovasculares, defectos \u00f3seos y rasgos faciales espec\u00edficos.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[298],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medlibrary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11926"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11926\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15272,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11926\/revisions\/15272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}