{"id":17672,"date":"2026-03-02T23:58:48","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T22:58:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/?p=17672"},"modified":"2026-03-02T23:58:48","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T22:58:48","slug":"chem-opasen-gripp-u-vzroslyh-skrytye-oslozhneniya-i-riski","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/","title":{"rendered":"What is dangerous about influenza in adults: hidden complications and risks"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fpm_start\"><\/div>\n<p>Influenza is not just a \"cold with a fever.\" It is an acute viral respiratory disease caused by RNA viruses of the genus *Influenzavirus*, which constantly mutate and deceive the immune system. In adults, it often starts like a regular fever: body aches, headache, dry cough, weakness. But by the 3rd to 5th day, something more may begin \u2014 irreversible processes in the lungs, heart, and nervous system. Many believe that influenza will \"pass on its own,\" especially if there is a \"strong immune system.\" This is a dangerous misconception. In reality, it is adults, especially those over 40, for whom influenza more often leads to severe complications \u2014 not due to a weak body, but because the immune system reacts excessively, causing a cytokine storm, or, conversely, \"falls asleep\" under the pressure of the virus. And then even a healthy person can end up in intensive care within a week.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-flat ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Content<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%9A%D0%91\" >Classification of the disease according to ICD<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\" >History of the disease and interesting historical facts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%AD%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Epidemiology: statistics on the occurrence of the disease<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%83\" >Genetic predisposition to influenza<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B6%D1%91%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\" >Risk factors for the occurrence and severe course of influenza in adults<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%9E%D0%A0%D0%92%D0%98_%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C\" >Influenza diagnosis: how to distinguish it from ARVI and not miss the danger<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B0_%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE_%E2%80%94_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84\" >Treatment of influenza in adults: what works and what is a myth<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\" >List of medications used for influenza in adults<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Disease monitoring: control stages, prognosis, complications<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\" >Age-related features of influenza in adults<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\" >Questions and answers: the most common inquiries about flu in adults<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C\" >Typical mistakes in treating influenza and how to avoid them<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/what-are-the-dangers-of-influenza-in-adults-hidden-complications-and-risks\/#%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF_%E2%80%94_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%C2%BB_%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\" >Conclusion: influenza is not a \u201ccold,\u201d but a serious threat to adults<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%9A%D0%91\"><\/span>Classification of the disease according to ICD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11), influenza falls under the block \"Infectious and parasitic diseases\" (BA00\u2013BA99), specifically \u2014 to code **BA20** \u2014 \"Influenza.\" Under this code, all forms of the disease caused by influenza viruses A, B, and C are combined. Separate subcodes are highlighted:<br \/>\n\u2014 **BA20.0** \u2014 influenza caused by influenza virus A (including subtypes H1N1, H3N2, and others);<br \/>\n\u2014 **BA20.1** \u2014 influenza caused by influenza virus B;<br \/>\n\u2014 **BA20.2** \u2014 influenza caused by influenza virus C (rarely causes epidemics, usually has a milder course);<br \/>\n\u2014 **BA20.8** \u2014 other specified forms of influenza;<br \/>\n\u2014 **BA20.9** \u2014 unspecified influenza.<br \/>\nIt is important to understand: the diagnosis of \"influenza\" in medical documentation must be confirmed by laboratory tests \u2014 clinically it can easily be confused with ARVI, adeno-, rhino-, or parainfluenza. That is why the ICD provides separate codes for \"acute respiratory viral infection of unspecified origin\" (BA10.9), to avoid diagnostic errors.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\"><\/span>History of the disease and interesting historical facts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Influenza has been known to humanity for a long time. The first reliable description of an epidemic that meets modern criteria for influenza dates back to 1580 \u2014 it affected Spain, Italy, Russia, and Asia. But a real breakthrough in understanding came only in 1933, when British scientists William Smith, Christopher Andrews, and Patrick Laidlaw isolated the influenza virus A from the nasal mucus of an infected patient. This marked the beginning of the era of virology.<br \/>\nThe most destructive pandemic of the 20th century \u2014 the \"Spanish flu\" of 1918\u20131919 \u2014 claimed between 20 and 50 million lives. Its peculiarity was that the highest mortality was observed among young adults aged 20\u201340 \u2014 not among the elderly or children. Modern studies have shown that the cause was a hyperreaction of the immune system (cytokine storm), rather than the virus itself directly. Interestingly, the name \"Spanish flu\" arose not because the epidemic started in Spain \u2014 the country was neutral in World War I and did not impose censorship on reports of the disease, unlike other states. Therefore, news of the scale of the epidemic first emerged from Madrid.<br \/>\nAnother curious fact: in 1976, there was an outbreak of swine flu (H1N1) at the Fort Dix military base in the USA. Due to the fear of a repeat of the \"Spanish flu,\" authorities launched a mass vaccination campaign \u2014 over 45 million people were vaccinated. However, the outbreak quickly subsided, and the vaccine was associated with an increase in cases of Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome (autoimmune nerve damage). This case became an important lesson: even with a high threat, it is necessary to carefully weigh the risks and benefits of prevention.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%AD%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Epidemiology: statistics on the occurrence of the disease<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>According to WHO, every year, between 51 million and 151 million people worldwide get infected with the flu \u2014 that is 290\u2013650 million people. In seasonal years, the world records between 290,000 and 650,000 deaths from the flu and its complications. The most affected are people over 65 years old, children under 5 years old, and individuals with chronic diseases. But it is important: **in adults aged 30\u201360, the flu can also be fatal**, especially if there are accompanying factors.<br \/>\nIn Russia, according to Rospotrebnadzor, in the 2023\/2024 season, about 11.2 million cases of ARVI were registered, of which the flu was laboratory-confirmed in ~181 thousand cases (about 2 million). At the same time, the mortality from flu and pneumonia in the Russian Federation during the same months amounted to 14,321 cases \u2014 this is almost 3 times more than in the previous season. Why? Partly due to the decrease in collective immunity after three years of the COVID-19 pandemic, and partly due to the increase in the number of people with obesity, diabetes, and other risk factors.<br \/>\nStatistics on complications:<br \/>\n\u2014 Pneumonia \u2014 develops in 1\u20135% of adults with the flu, but in individuals over 65 years old \u2014 up to 15%;<br \/>\n\u2014 Exacerbation of COPD \u2014 in 20\u201330% of patients with chronic bronchitis;<br \/>\n\u2014 Cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke) \u2014 the risk increases 6 times during the first week after infection;<br \/>\n\u2014 Myocarditis \u2014 occurs in 1\u20132% of hospitalized adults with severe flu.<br \/>\nThese figures are not an abstraction. Behind every percentage are real people who could have avoided severe outcomes with timely treatment and prevention.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%83\"><\/span>Genetic predisposition to influenza<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Genetics plays a role, but not as directly as, for example, in hereditary diseases. Studies show that certain gene variants influence susceptibility to the virus and the severity of the disease. For example:<br \/>\n\u2014 The **IFITM3** gene (interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3) encodes a protein that blocks the entry of the virus into the cell. Carriers of the rs12252-C mutation have an increased risk of severe influenza \u2014 this variant is more common in Asian populations.<br \/>\n\u2014 Polymorphisms in the **TLR3**, **TLR7** genes (toll-like receptors) affect the recognition of viral RNA and the production of interferon. Defects here can lead to a weak primary response.<br \/>\n\u2014 The **CCR5** gene (chemokine receptor) \u2014 its deletion \u039432 is associated with resistance to HIV, but it can also affect the inflammatory response during influenza. Some data indicate a more severe course in carriers of this mutation during influenza A\/H1N1.<br \/>\nHowever, it is important to emphasize: genetic predisposition is not a sentence. It merely modifies risk. The main determinants remain age, immune system status, presence of chronic diseases, and vaccination level. Even with an \"unfavorable\" genotype, timely prevention and treatment reduce the likelihood of complications to a minimum.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B6%D1%91%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\"><\/span>Risk factors for the occurrence and severe course of influenza in adults<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Risk factors can be divided into **immutable** and **modifiable**. The former are those that are given at birth or related to age. The latter depend on lifestyle and individual choices.<br \/>\nImmutable:<br \/>\n\u2014 Age \u226565 years \u2014 decreased T-cell function and antibody production;<br \/>\n\u2014 Pregnancy (especially the II\u2013III trimester) \u2014 immunosuppression and mechanical compression of the lungs;<br \/>\n\u2014 Congenital immunodeficiencies (e.g., IgA deficiency, agammaglobulinemia);<br \/>\n\u2014 Chromosomal abnormalities (Down syndrome \u2014 increased risk of pneumonia with influenza).<br \/>\nModifiable:<br \/>\n\u2014 Smoking \u2014 damages the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory tract, reduces mucociliary clearance;<br \/>\n\u2014 Obesity (BMI \u226530) \u2014 adipokines provoke chronic inflammation, ventilation of the lungs is impaired;<br \/>\n\u2014 Type 2 diabetes \u2014 hyperglycemia suppresses phagocytosis and chemotaxis of neutrophils;<br \/>\n\u2014 Chronic lung diseases (COPD, bronchial asthma), heart (CHF, IHD), kidneys (CKD);<br \/>\n\u2014 Use of immunosuppressants (for example, after transplantation or in autoimmune diseases);<br \/>\n\u2014 Alcoholism \u2014 disrupts the barrier function of the mucosa and immune response;<br \/>\n\u2014 Malnutrition (deficiency of vitamins A, D, zinc, selenium).<br \/>\nSpecial attention \u2014 to people with \"hidden\" risks: for example, among 30% adults with normal weight, there is insulin resistance (prediabetes) that is undiagnosed but already reduces immune reactivity. If you need to assess your own risk \u2014 start with an analysis of the medical history and simple laboratory markers: fasting glucose, HbA1c, C-reactive protein, total immunoglobulin A.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%9E%D0%A0%D0%92%D0%98_%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C\"><\/span>Influenza diagnosis: how to distinguish it from ARVI and not miss the danger<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The clinical picture of influenza in adults often begins suddenly: within 1\u20132 hours, the temperature rises to 38.5\u201340\u00b0C, there is a severe headache, muscle aches, weakness, and a dry cough. Unlike ARVI, a runny nose and sore throat in influenza are weakly expressed or appear later. The key symptom is **acute intoxication**: the person cannot get out of bed, loses appetite, and may have confusion (especially in the elderly).<br \/>\nLaboratory diagnostics:<br \/>\n\u2014 **Rapid antigen tests** (RIA, ELISA) \u2014 result in 15\u201330 minutes, sensitivity 50\u201370%, specificity &gt;90%. A positive result is reliable, a negative one requires confirmation.<br \/>\n\u2014 **PCR diagnostics** \u2014 the \"gold standard.\" Detects viral RNA in a nasopharyngeal swab. Sensitivity &gt;95%. Conducted in specialized laboratories (for example, at the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor).<br \/>\n\u2014 **Serology** (determination of IgM and IgG) \u2014 used retrospectively, during epidemiological investigations. Not suitable for emergency diagnosis.<br \/>\nRadiological methods are used only when complications are suspected:<br \/>\n\u2014 Chest X-ray \u2014 for cough &gt;5 days, shortness of breath, decreased blood oxygen saturation;<br \/>\n\u2014 CT of the lungs \u2014 if the X-ray is uninformative, but the clinical picture is worsening (suspected viral pneumonia or bacterial superinfection).<br \/>\nDifferential diagnosis includes:<br \/>\n\u2014 ARVI (adeno-, rhino-, parainfluenza);<br \/>\n\u2014 Covid-19 (symptoms overlap, PCR is needed);<br \/>\n\u2014 Bacterial pneumonia (high fever &gt;5 days, purulent sputum);<br \/>\n\u2014 Infectious mononucleosis (enlargement of lymph nodes, spleen);<br \/>\n\u2014 Leptospirosis or other zoonoses with an epidemic history.<br \/>\nIf you or your close one have a temperature &gt;38.5\u00b0C + weakness + cough \u2014 do not wait \"until tomorrow\". The first 48 hours is the window for antiviral therapy. Delaying diagnosis by 1\u20132 days can cost lives.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B0_%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE_%E2%80%94_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84\"><\/span>Treatment of influenza in adults: what works and what is a myth<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Influenza treatment is based on three pillars: **antiviral therapy**, **symptomatic support**, and **prevention of complications**. The main rule: antiviral medications should be started within the first 48 hours of symptom onset. After that, their effectiveness drops sharply.<br \/>\nAntiviral agents:<br \/>\n\u2014 **Oseltamivir** (Tamiflu) \u2014 a neuraminidase inhibitor. Taken orally, course of 5 days. Dose: 75 mg twice a day. Effective against viruses A and B.<br \/>\n\u2014 **Zanamivir** (Relenza) \u2014 the same mechanism, but inhalational. Not suitable for bronchospasm.<br \/>\n\u2014 **Baloxavir marboxil** (Xofluza) \u2014 inhibits the cap-dependent endonuclease of the virus. Single dose of 40 mg (for weight &lt;80 kg) or 80 mg (\u226580 kg). Especially effective in the first 24 hours.<br \/>\nImportant: these medications **do not replace vaccination**, but help in case of an already started illness. They reduce the duration of fever by 1\u20132 days and lower the risk of hospitalization by 60%.<br \/>\nSymptomatic therapy:<br \/>\n\u2014 Antipyretics: paracetamol (max. 4 g\/day) or ibuprofen (if there is no ulcer, renal failure). Aspirin is **contraindicated** for adults with influenza \u2014 risk of Reye's syndrome.<br \/>\n\u2014 Hydration: at least 2\u20132.5 liters of fluid per day (water, unsweetened compotes, electrolyte solutions in case of vomiting\/diarrhea).<br \/>\n\u2014 Expectorants: ambroxol, acetylcysteine \u2014 for dry cough transitioning to productive.<br \/>\n\u2014 Oxygen therapy \u2014 for SpO\u2082 &lt;94% (a pulse oximeter can be used at home for monitoring).<br \/>\nSurgical treatment is not directly applied for influenza, but may be required for complications:<br \/>\n\u2014 Drainage of the pleural cavity in case of empyema;<br \/>\n\u2014 Tracheostomy in case of severe respiratory failure;<br \/>\n\u2014 Removal of lung abscess in case of bacterial superinfection.<br \/>\nIt is also important not to forget about non-drug measures: bed rest for the first 3-4 days, airing the room every 2 hours, using a humidifier (optimal humidity 40-60%). These simple steps speed up recovery and reduce the risk of secondary infection.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\"><\/span>List of medications used for influenza in adults<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Below is a table of the main medications with dosages, duration of use, and warnings. All medications should be prescribed by a doctor, especially in the case of chronic diseases.<\/p><script data-noptimize=\"\" data-wpfc-render=\"false\">\nfpm_start( \"true\" );\n<\/script>\n\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"5\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tr>\n<th>Preparation<\/th>\n<th>Mechanism of action<\/th>\n<th>Dosage (adults)<\/th>\n<th>Course<\/th>\n<th>Contraindications and side effects<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Oseltamivir<\/strong> (Tamiflu)<\/td>\n<td>Neuraminidase inhibitor<\/td>\n<td>75 mg \u00d72 per day<\/td>\n<td>5 days<\/td>\n<td>Increased sensitivity, nausea (10%), dizziness. Not recommended in severe renal failure (CC &lt;30 ml\/min) without dose adjustment.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Baloxavir marboxil<\/strong> (Xofluza)<\/td>\n<td>Inhibition of cap-endonuclease<\/td>\n<td>40 mg (weight &lt;80 kg) or 80 mg (\u226580 kg) as a single dose<\/td>\n<td>1 dose<\/td>\n<td>Allergy, possible diarrhea, headache. Do not combine with antacids (reduces absorption).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Paracetamol<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Antipyretic, analgesic<\/td>\n<td>500\u20131000 mg \u00d73\u20134 times a day<\/td>\n<td>Until normalization of temperature<\/td>\n<td>Liver failure, alcoholism. Max. daily dose \u2014 4 g.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ambroxol**<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Mucolytic, expectorant<\/td>\n<td>30 mg \u00d73 times a day (tablets) or 15 mg \u00d72 times (syrup)<\/td>\n<td>5\u20137 days<\/td>\n<td>Gastritis, allergy. Not compatible with antitussives (codeine).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Vitamin D3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Immunomodulator<\/td>\n<td>2000\u20134000 IU\/day (course 2\u20134 weeks)<\/td>\n<td>Preventive<\/td>\n<td>Hypercalcemia in case of overdose. Monitoring of 25(OH)D levels is recommended.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>Note: antibiotics for influenza **are not needed**, if there are no signs of bacterial superinfection (purulent sputum, fever &gt;5 days, deterioration after temporary improvement). Self-administration of antibiotics leads to dysbiosis and resistance.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Disease monitoring: control stages, prognosis, complications<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>After the diagnosis of influenza, it is important not just to \"take the pills,\" but to systematically monitor the condition. Here are the key monitoring points:<br \/>\n**Day 1**: temperature, respiratory rate, pulse, well-being. If the temperature does not decrease within 24 hours after starting oseltamivir \u2014 suspect bacterial superinfection or incorrect diagnosis.<br \/>\n**Day 3**: assess the cough \u2014 has it become productive? Is there shortness of breath while walking? Measure SpO\u2082 with a pulse oximeter. The norm is \u226595%TP3T. If below 94%TP3T \u2014 urgently see a doctor.<br \/>\n**Day 5**: if symptoms have not improved or have worsened \u2014 a consultation and chest X-ray are mandatory.<br \/>\n**Days 7\u201310**: monitor for residual effects \u2014 weakness, cough, sweating. In 10\u201315%TP3T of adults, post-influenza asthma or bronchitis develops, especially in smokers.<br \/>\nThe prognosis depends on three factors:<br \/>\n\u2014 The timing of antiviral therapy initiation (the earlier, the better);<br \/>\n\u2014 The presence of comorbidities;<br \/>\n\u2014 Age and functional status of the immune system.<br \/>\nComplications are divided into **respiratory**, **cardiovascular**, **neurological**, and **metabolic**:<br \/>\n\u2014 Respiratory: viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia (often Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS);<br \/>\n\u2014 Cardiovascular: myocarditis, pericarditis, exacerbation of chronic heart failure, pulmonary artery thromboembolism;<br \/>\n\u2014 Neurological: meningitis, encephalitis, Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome (rare, but possible after vaccination or infection);<br \/>\n\u2014 Metabolic: decompensation of diabetes mellitus, ketoacidosis.<br \/>\nSpecial concern is caused by **secondary bacterial pneumonia** \u2014 it develops in 10\u201320% of hospitalized adults and is the main cause of death from influenza. It is characterized by: a sharp deterioration after 3\u20135 days of \"improvement,\" purulent sputum, leukocytosis &gt;15\u00d710\u2079\/l, focal opacity on X-ray.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\"><\/span>Age-related features of influenza in adults<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Influenza in adults is not a homogeneous phenomenon. Its course varies significantly depending on age and underlying health.<br \/>\n**Age 18\u201330 years**: usually mild or moderate course. High fever, pronounced intoxication, but rapid recovery. The risk of complications is low if there are no hidden pathologies (e.g., autoimmune diseases or HIV). However, myocarditis is more common in this group \u2014 due to an active immune response. Young people often ignore symptoms, continue to work and train \u2014 which exacerbates the load on the heart.<br \/>\n**Age 30\u201350 years**: here the share of \"hidden\" risks increases \u2014 obesity, arterial hypertension, prediabetes. Influenza can provoke acute heart failure or myocardial infarction. According to studies, the risk of hospitalization in 45-year-olds with a BMI \u226535 is 3 times higher than in their lean peers.<br \/>\n**Age 50\u201365 years**: age-related immunosenescence begins \u2014 antibody production decreases, T-lymphocyte function is impaired. Influenza lasts longer (7\u201310 days of fever), and bacterial infection is more often associated. Importantly: this group often does not have a pronounced fever \u2014 \"atypical influenza\" with predominant weakness and cough. This leads to late diagnosis.<br \/>\n**Over 65 years old**: the highest risk of death. In elderly patients, flu often begins without fever, but with confusion, weakness, and loss of appetite. Often, the first symptom is an exacerbation of COPD or heart failure. Mortality from flu in this group is up to 10% upon hospitalization. Key takeaway: **age alone does not make flu dangerous \u2014 accompanying conditions and delays in treatment are dangerous**. Even a 25-year-old athlete with chronic tonsillitis and smoking can end up in intensive care \u2014 if help is not sought in time.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\"><\/span>Questions and answers: the most common inquiries about flu in adults<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Question 1: Can flu be treated without medication, only with folk remedies?<\/strong><br \/>\nNo, it cannot \u2014 if we are talking about confirmed flu. Folk remedies (onion, garlic, honey, herbal infusions) can alleviate symptoms and support immunity, but they **do not suppress the virus**. Antiviral therapy is critical in the first 48 hours. Without it, the risk of complications sharply increases, especially in individuals over 40. If you decide to \"wait it out,\" take a flu test \u2014 and if it is positive, consult a doctor. In 2024, free rapid tests will be available in clinics in Russia during the epidemic threshold.<br \/>\n<strong>Question 2: Why does cough and weakness persist for a long time after flu?<\/strong><br \/>\nCough persists due to damage to the respiratory epithelium. Cilia recover in 2\u20136 weeks \u2014 this is normal. But if the cough worsens, blood appears in the sputum, or shortness of breath occurs \u2014 consultation is needed. Weakness is related to the depletion of energy reserves and the inflammatory response. Cytokine levels (IL-6, TNF-\u03b1) remain elevated for another 2\u20133 weeks. Recommendations: gentle regimen, balanced nutrition (protein 1.2\u20131.5 g\/kg body weight), vitamins B and D, physical therapy after normalization of temperature.<br \/>\n<strong>Question 3: Can flu cause a heart attack or stroke in a healthy person?<\/strong><br \/>\nYes, it can \u2014 even in those who had no complaints before. The virus causes systemic inflammation, which increases blood clotting and damages the endothelium of blood vessels. According to Lancet (2022), the risk of heart attack increases 6.2 times in the first 7 days after flu, and stroke \u2014 3.1 times. The first 3 days are especially dangerous. Therefore, in adults over 40 with flu \u2014 monitor blood pressure, pulse, and at the slightest signs of rhythm or speech disturbances \u2014 call an ambulance immediately.<br \/>\n<strong>Question 4: Is it necessary to get vaccinated every year if last year's vaccine \"worked\"?<\/strong><br \/>\nYes, it is mandatory. Influenza viruses mutate \u2014 new strains circulate every season. The vaccine is updated annually according to WHO recommendations. Even if you did not get sick last year, it does not mean that immunity has been preserved: protection from vaccination lasts 6\u20138 months. Moreover, vaccination reduces the severity of the disease \u2014 even if you get infected, the risk of hospitalization decreases by 40\u201360%.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C\"><\/span>Typical mistakes in treating influenza and how to avoid them<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>1. **\u201cI will recover at home \u2014 I won\u2019t go to the hospital unnecessarily\u201d**<br \/>\n \u2192 Mistake: influenza progresses quickly. In adults over 30, deterioration can occur within 12\u201324 hours.<br \/>\n \u2192 What to do: use a pulse oximeter (costs from 500 rubles), measure SpO\u2082 twice a day. If the number is \u226494% \u2014 call an ambulance. Don\u2019t wait for \u201cit to get really bad.\u201d<br \/>\n2. **\u201cI take antibiotics \u2018just in case\u2019\u201d**<br \/>\n \u2192 Mistake: antibiotics do not work on viruses. Taking them without indications leads to dysbiosis, allergies, and resistance.<br \/>\n \u2192 What to do: a doctor prescribes antibiotics only when there is suspicion of bacterial superinfection (purulent sputum, fever &gt;5 days, leukocytosis). Until then \u2014 only antivirals and symptomatic treatment.<br \/>\n3. **\u201cI lowered my temperature \u2014 that means I\u2019m recovering\u201d**<br \/>\n \u2192 Mistake: fever reduction masks symptoms, but the virus continues to multiply. A person gets up, goes to work \u2014 and provokes complications.<br \/>\n \u2192 What to do: rest for at least 5 days from the onset of fever. Even if the temperature normalizes, the body is still restoring immunity. Return to activities gradually \u2014 starting from 30% of normal activity.<br \/>\n4. **\u201cVaccination is for the elderly and children\u201d**<br \/>\n \u2192 Error: adults aged 30\u201350 are one of the most vulnerable groups due to a \u201cfalse sense of security.\u201d<br \/>\n \u2192 What to do: get vaccinated annually in September\u2013October. Vaccines \u201cGrippol Plus,\u201d \u201cUltrava\u0441,\u201d \u201cVaxigrip Tetra\u201d are available in Russia. All of them are quadrivalent and cover the current strains.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF_%E2%80%94_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%C2%BB_%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85\"><\/span>Conclusion: influenza is not a \u201ccold,\u201d but a serious threat to adults<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Influenza in adults is not a reason to \u201cstay under the blanket,\u201d but a call to action. It is dangerous not so much in itself, but because of its hidden consequences: pneumonia, heart attack, myocarditis, exacerbation of chronic diseases. And the most frightening thing is that these complications often develop not immediately, but on the 4th\u20137th day, when a person already \u201cfeels better\u201d and returns to work.<br \/>\nWhat really works:<br \/>\n\u2014 **Vaccination** is the best prevention (effectiveness 40\u201360% in the season, but reduces severity by 70%);<br \/>\n\u2014 **Early initiation of antiviral therapy** \u2014 within the first 48 hours;<br \/>\n\u2014 **Monitoring SpO\u2082 and temperature** \u2014 simple tools that save lives;<br \/>\n\u2014 **Avoiding self-medication with antibiotics and aspirin** \u2014 this is not \u201cfrugality,\u201d but a risk.<br \/>\nIf you are reading this article in the midst of the season \u2014 do three things now: check if you have oseltamivir in your medicine cabinet (or find out where to get it by prescription), buy a pulse oximeter, and sign up for vaccination. Don't wait for your neighbor to go to the hospital \u2014 your prevention starts today. Because the flu does not choose: it attacks everyone. But you can choose \u2014 to be prepared.<\/p>\n<div class=\"fpm_end\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Influenza is not just a \"cold with a fever.\" It is an acute viral respiratory disease caused by RNA viruses of the genus *Influenzavirus*, which constantly mutate.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24331,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[298],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medlibrary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17672","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17672"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17672\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19202,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17672\/revisions\/19202"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24331"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17672"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17672"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17672"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}