{"id":13118,"date":"2024-08-23T04:55:50","date_gmt":"2024-08-23T02:55:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/?p=13118"},"modified":"2024-08-23T04:55:50","modified_gmt":"2024-08-23T02:55:50","slug":"shvannoma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/","title":{"rendered":"Schwannoma"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fpm_start\"><\/div>\n<p>Schwannoma, also known as neuromucosal tumor, is a benign tumor that arises from Schwann cells, which form the myelin sheath of nerves. This tumor is most often localized on peripheral nerves and can develop in any part of the body where these cells are present. Schwannoma manifests itself with a variety of clinical symptoms that depend on its location and size. The main mechanism of schwannoma development is mutations that lead to uncontrolled cell division, which causes the formation of a tumor mass that can compress surrounding structures and disrupt their functionality. Timely metabolic studies and individualized approaches to therapy are of fundamental importance in the diagnosis and treatment of schwannoma.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-flat ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Content<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" 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href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\" >History of the disease and interesting historical facts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%AD%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Epidemiology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8E\" >Genetic predisposition to this disease<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Risk factors for the development of this disease<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Diagnosis of this disease<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5\" >Treatment<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >List of medications used to treat this disease<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Disease monitoring<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\" >Age-related features of the disease<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/shvannoma\/#%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B\" >Questions and Answers<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\"><\/span>History of the disease and interesting historical facts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Schwannoma was first described in the early 20th century when scientists began studying nerve tissue and tumors that arose from it. In 1910, Swiss pathologist Friedrich Aust studied and described the disease, but it was not until the 1920s that the true origin of schwannoma from Schwann cells was established. Interestingly, the existence of a genetic predisposition to schwannoma first became a subject of research in the 1960s, when the scientific community began studying cases of its detection in women in a family. Research by Duke and others has shown that the vast majority of schwannomas develop spontaneously and are not associated with hereditary factors.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%AD%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Epidemiology<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Schwannoma is a relatively rare disease. According to studies, its incidence is 1-2 cases per 100,000 people per year. Varieties of schwannomas, such as auditory nerve schwannoma (acoustic neuroma), are more common. Approximately 6-10% of all central nervous system tumors are schwannomas. The area with the highest prevalence is areas with a high population density, as well as workplaces associated with intense exposure to electronic and electromagnetic fields. Schwannoma occurs more often in women than in men, with the greatest number of cases recorded in the 30-60 age group.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8E\"><\/span>Genetic predisposition to this disease<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Genetic factors play a certain role in the development of schwannoma, but in most cases, tumors develop spontaneously without obvious heredity. An important role in diagnostics is played by the syndrome Neurofibromatosis type II, often associated with mutations in the NF2 gene, which are designed to encode the merlin protein. In patients with the syndrome, the risk of developing schwannoma increases significantly. Also, in a number of scientific studies, other genes were studied, such as NF1 and others that do not have such a clear connection with schwannomas. At the moment, research continues to better understand the genetic mechanisms and pathogenesis pathways.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Risk factors for the development of this disease<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Risk factors associated with schwannoma include but are not limited to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Heredity: Having relatives with neurofibromatosis increases the risk of developing schwannoma.<\/li>\n<li>Environmental factors: Exposure to radiation and chemicals may contribute to tumor development.<\/li>\n<li>Occupational hazards: Working with high-frequency electromagnetic fields and in conditions of inadequate protection may result in schwannoemas.<\/li>\n<li>Gender: As stated earlier, women are at higher risk than men.<\/li>\n<li>Age: Most cases occur in people between 30 and 60 years of age.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Diagnosis of this disease<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Diagnosis of schwannoma is based on clinical symptoms and a comprehensive approach, including laboratory and radiological methods. Initial symptoms may include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pain, burning or numbness in the area of innervation of the affected nerve.<\/li>\n<li>Muscle weakness associated with compression of nerve fibers.<\/li>\n<li>Personalized neurological symptoms, depending on the location of the tumor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Laboratory tests include analysis for the presence of specific markers, but the main diagnostic method remains radiological examinations, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for precise visualization of schwannomas, localizing them relative to surrounding tissues.<\/li>\n<li>Computed tomography (CT) may be used in cases where MRI is not available or due to other contraindications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Typically, a biopsy is used to confirm the diagnosis, but in some cases, observation may be performed in the absence of significant symptoms. The differential diagnosis includes exclusion of other tumors such as neuromas, neurofibromas, and metastatic lesions.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5\"><\/span>Treatment<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Treatment of schwannoma depends on its size, location, and clinical manifestations. General approaches include observation for small and asymptomatic tumors, pharmacologic therapy aimed at controlling symptoms, and surgery for larger lesions. <\/p><script data-noptimize=\"\" data-wpfc-render=\"false\">\nfpm_start( \"true\" );\n<\/script>\n\n<p>Pharmacological treatment may include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pain relievers: These are used to relieve any pain that may occur with a schwannoma.<\/li>\n<li>Anti-inflammatory medications: May be helpful in reducing swelling and restoring nerve function.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Surgical treatment is aimed at removing the tumor due to the risk of its growth and compression of nerve structures. <\/p>\n<p>Other treatments, such as radiation therapy, may be used when surgery is not possible or unsafe.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>List of medications used to treat this disease<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Drugs used to treat schwannoma include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) - to control pain.<\/li>\n<li>Opioids - to relieve severe pain.<\/li>\n<li>Corticosteroids are used to reduce inflammation.<\/li>\n<li>Physiotherapy \u2013 can be used during the rehabilitation process after surgery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Disease monitoring<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Monitoring of patients with schwannoma is essential for timely assessment of disease progression. Monitored stages include regular imaging studies, neurological examination, and symptomatic assessment. The prognosis for most patients with benign schwannomas is favorable, especially with early diagnosis and adequate treatment. Compression symptoms can lead to chronic neuropathies, pain syndromes, and deterioration in quality of life. In rare cases, relapses are possible after surgery, which requires special monitoring.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\"><\/span>Age-related features of the disease<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Schwannoma can occur in people of all ages, but is most often seen in adults. In children and adolescents, schwannoma is usually associated with neurofibromatosis, and such tumors may require a more aggressive approach to treatment. In older people, schwannoma may be associated with other benign and malignant tumors that require special attention.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B\"><\/span>Questions and Answers<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>What is schwannoma?<\/strong> Schwannoma is a benign tumor that arises from Schwann cells, which form the myelin sheath of nerves, and manifests itself with various neurological symptoms.<\/li>\n<li><strong>What factors increase the risk of schwannoma?<\/strong> Risk factors include heredity, working in conditions of high radiation and electromagnetic fields, as well as gender and age.<\/li>\n<li><strong>How is Schwannow diagnosed?<\/strong> Diagnosis includes clinical examination, radiological methods (MRI, CT) and biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>What are the treatments for schwannoma?<\/strong> Treatment may include observation, drug therapy, and surgery to remove the tumor.<\/li>\n<li><strong>What is the prognosis for patients with schwannoma?<\/strong> Most patients have a favorable prognosis with adequate diagnosis and treatment, but regular monitoring is important to prevent relapse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"fpm_end\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Schwannoma, also known as neuromucosal tumor, is a benign tumor that arises from Schwann cells, which form the myelin sheath of nerves. This<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23455,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[298],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13118","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medlibrary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13118","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13118"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13118\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13802,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13118\/revisions\/13802"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13118"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13118"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13118"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}