{"id":12203,"date":"2025-01-14T18:20:43","date_gmt":"2025-01-14T17:20:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/?p=12203"},"modified":"2025-01-14T18:20:43","modified_gmt":"2025-01-14T17:20:43","slug":"blizorukost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valintermed.com\/en\/medlibrary\/blind-eyed\/","title":{"rendered":"Myopia"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Nearsightedness, or myopia, is a refractive error of vision in which objects at a great distance appear blurry, while objects close by appear normal. It is caused by an abnormal increase in the length of the eyeball or an increased refractive power of the cornea and lens, which causes light rays to focus in front of the retina. Nearsightedness can be either physiological or acquired, and it has different degrees of severity, from mild to severe, which significantly affects the patient's quality of life and ability to perform everyday tasks.<\/p>\n

<\/span>History of the disease and interesting historical facts<\/h2><\/p>\n

Myopia has been known since ancient times. Archaeological finds indicate that primitive forms of optics used to correct vision already existed in Ancient Egypt. The appearance of the first glass lenses in Europe in the 13th century was a significant step forward in the treatment of myopia. In the 19th century, the first specialized glasses for the correction of myopia appeared, and by the beginning of the 20th century, various surgical methods were actively developed. The most significant advances in this area have occurred in recent decades, when interventions such as LASIK and other laser technologies became popular.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Epidemiology<\/h2><\/p>\n

According to the World Health Organization, myopia is one of the most common forms of refractive error. Statistics show that its prevalence is increasing. In developed countries such as the United States and Western Europe, the rate of myopia among young people reaches 40-50%. Research shows that in some Asian countries such as China and South Korea, this number can reach 80-90% among students. Globally, myopia affects about 30% of the population, which is due to both genetic and environmental factors, including lifestyle and educational level.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Genetic predisposition to this disease<\/h2><\/p>\n

Genetics plays a significant role in the development of myopia. Scientific research indicates the influence of several genes on the predisposition to this disease. It has been proven that mutations in genes associated with the development of the eyeball and its structures can increase the likelihood of myopia. Such genes include, for example, GJD2, PAX6 and others. In addition, myopia can be inherited by many signs, which makes it a multifactorial disease. Family studies confirm that if one of the parents suffers from myopia, the risk of its development in the child increases significantly.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Risk factors for the development of this disease<\/h2><\/p>\n

There are various risk factors that contribute to the development of myopia. These include:<\/p>